They are obtained by asking the subject to fix a screen on which appears a checkerboard whose squares are periodically inverted. The cooperation of the patient is therefore necessary. The collection electrodes are placed opposite the visual areas of the occipital cortex. This exam lasts about half an hour. VEPs provide information on the functioning of the visual pathways and particularly that of the optic nerve. They find their best indications in the expertise of a visual acuity disorder not explained by the data of the ophthalmologic examination and in the assessment of multiple sclerosis.