Craniopharyngioma surgery

A craniopharyngioma is a rare type of brain tumor that forms near the pituitary gland (pituitary gland), a small organ that secretes hormones that regulate many bodily functions. Most craniopharyngiomas are benign (non-cancerous), but they behave aggressively locally and can infiltrate and compress surrounding structures if left untreated. As the tumor grows, it can affect the function of the pituitary gland, the pathways of vision, and sometimes the function of the hypothalamus (an important part of the brain). Surgery is generally recommended to remove as much of the tumor as possible and relieve pressure on the brain, optic pathways, and hypothalamus. The tumor can be removed through an opening in the skull (craniotomy) or through the nose using an endoscope and specific instruments for this route (transsphenoidal surgery).