In a normal eye, the path of light rays is altered by the cornea and the lens to allow it to converge on the retina. Because the myopic eye is too long, the light rays converge in front of the retina. The hyperopic eye is too short and the light rays converge behind the retina. The astigmatic eye has corneal curvature abnormalities that create retinal image distortions at all distances. The presbyopic eye cannot clearly see nearby objects. Laser surgery involves changing the shape of the cornea, which changes the path of light rays. It is intended to correct myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and presbyopia. After peeling off the surface layer, laser impacts are applied to the surface of the cornea. At the end of the procedure, a therapeutic lens or a bandage is put in place. This technique has been practiced since the 1990s. It can now be combined in certain cases with pharmacological or physical treatments.
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